In a boxer configuration, a flat-six engine does not have a rocking couple. As in other six-cylinder engines, the overlapping of the power strokes of the different cylinders (with a firing interval of 120 degrees in a four-stroke engine) reduces the pulsating of the power delivery relative to that of similar engines with fewer cylinders. Flat-six engines have also occasionally been used in motorcycles, and commonly in general aviation aircraft, along with the flat-four engine.Ī boxer-style flat-six engine is able to have perfect primary and secondary balance. Several other car manufacturers, including Subaru, have produced flat-six engines at times. The most notable use of flat-six engines is the Porsche 911 sports car, which has used flat-six engines continuously since 1963. The first production flat-six engine was in the 1904 Wilson-Pilcher 18/24 HP car. The disadvantages are a large width (which can limit the maximum steering angle when used in a front-engined car), a large intake manifold being required when a central carburetor is used, and duplication of the inlet and outlet connections for water-cooled engines. The advantages of the flat-six layout are good engine balance (for reduced vibration), a low center of gravity, short length (compared with an inline-six engine) and being well suited to air-cooling. An alternative configuration for flat engines is as a 180-degree V engine, where both cylinders move to the right then the left at the same time. The most common type of flat-six engine is the boxer-six engine, where each pair of opposed cylinders moves inwards and outwards at the same time. Continental O-470-13A air-cooled aircraft engineĪ flat-six engine, also known as a horizontally opposed-six, is a six-cylinder piston engine with three cylinders on each side of a central crankshaft.
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